How do we classify animals?
classify (v.) 分類
classification
sort things into groups
All animals are divided into two main groups, vertebrates and invertebrate.
backbone ~ spine ~ vertebra
mussel
Mammals are vertebrates that get milk from their mothers when they are very young.
They breathe air with lungs and have hair or fur.
The smallest mammal in the world is the bumblebee bat.
It's about the size of a thumb.
bird
beak
lay eggs
Penguins are flightless birds.
hunt for fish
fish
Fish have gills to help them breathe and take in oxygen out of the water.
Many have scales, which help them move through the water.
shark
stingray
Their bodies are made of cartilage.
cartilage 軟骨
It's the same stuff in our nose and ears.
Amphibians are animals that have adapted to living on water and land.
They hatch from tiny soft eggs in the water.
When they are tadpoles, they breathe through gills and live under water.
As they get older, most frogs grow lungs to help them breathe on land.
Many amphibians can breathe under water through their skin which takes oxygen out of the water.
toad
salamander
newt
caecilian
Cold-blooded animals use the environment to help control their own body temperatures.
to warm up
to cool down
reptile
Most reptiles lay eggs, kind of like birds.
Snakes, lizards, crocodiles, and tortoises are all reptiles.
They've adapted to living in their ocean environment.
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